国际航运商会有限公司及海事国际秘书处服务有限公司竞争法遵守政策
初步
This competition law compliance policy (the “Compliance Policy”) has been endorsed and adopted by the Boards of ICS 和Marisec (together “the Boards”) after due and careful consideration, 并已向大发黄金版网页版登录所有会员(“会员”)派发一份.
ics和marisec的状况
The Boards recognise that the unique structure of ICS as an international association of national shipowners’ associations means that it is most unlikely that the activities of ICS will infringe competition laws. ICS is not competing in any commercial markets and its activities are directed primarily at enhancing safety and technical standards in the shipping industry at an international level. 像这样, ICS不从事对商业市场竞争有任何影响的经济活动.
ICS和Marisec承认Marisec确实从事商业活动, 包括经营出版业务, 这些活动必须遵守竞争法. 董事会认识到遵守竞争法的根本重要性.
相应的, the Boards consider it appropriate by means of this Compliance Policy to remind ICS Members / Marisec 员工s of the basic principles of competition law generally and to highlight areas that may be of specific relevance to ICS 和Marisec.
遵守竞争法是每一位会员的责任, 导演, 员工, 重要的是你:-
a. 阅读此政策;
b. 你是否意识到你应该或不应该采取的关键行动来适应竞争.
c. 参加由ICS / Marisec或其代表组织的任何竞赛合规培训;
d. 在执行你的活动时参考政策. 如果您有任何疑问或担忧，请与ICS法律团队交谈并听取他们的建议和指导.
如果您有任何疑问或疑虑，请通过电子邮件向首席总监(法律)咨询 在这里. 他们会私下讨论你的问题或担忧.
合规文化
遵守竞争法对ICS和Marisec至关重要. 像这样, it is the policy of ICS 和Marisec to fully comply with all applicable competition laws including but not limited to such laws and regulations enacted in the United States of America, 欧盟和英国, 包括1890年谢尔曼反托拉斯法, 《大发黄金版网页版登录》第101和102条, 1998年竞争法, 2002年企业法, 《大发黄金版网页版》及所有相关立法, 指引及通告. ICS和Marisec旨在培养一种遵守竞争法的文化，正是本着这种精神，ICS和Marisec采用了本合规政策. It is essential that the activities of ICS 和Marisec comply with competition law and this Compliance Policy not only in form but also in substance.
董事会认识到，违反竞争法的行为会暴露ICS及其会员的身份, 和Marisec, 面对高额罚款的风险, 与竞争调查有关的法院命令、巨额费用和不良宣传. 个人也可能面临刑事制裁和取消董事资格的命令.
Failure to comply with competition law or with this Compliance Policy is a serious matter and any Member’s conduct contributing to non-compliance which comes to our attention may result in a Member’s expulsion.
此外，违反竞争法是违反员工与Marisec的雇佣合同. 这可能会导致书面警告，甚至可能被解雇, 这可能会被视为严重不当行为, 特别是如果在采取任何行动之前没有听取ICS法律小组的建议.
贸易协会 & 竞争法
Competition law treats the activities of trade associations much 就像竞争者之间其他形式的合作一样: t在这里 is no special competition law regime. So, 而行业协会往往履行合法和有价值的职能, 就像竞争者之间其他形式的合作一样, 行业协会的活动可能违反竞争法. 就竞争法而言，行业协会的决定或建议被视为其成员之间的协议. 即使行业协会的决定或建议对会员没有约束力，也可能违反竞争法.
禁止协议 & 理解
我们认为下列行为严重违反竞争法:
- 以定价、限制折扣、回扣为目的或者起作用的协议;
- 限制产出或生产、分配市场或客户的协议;
- 交换当前和具体价格信息的协议, 能力, 成本和其他商业敏感信息;
- Collective boycotts or other coordinated measures intended to eliminate competitors; and
- 减缓技术发展或以其他方式开发市场的协调措施.
因此，国际商会不得作为成员就任何这些事项进行协调的手段. Nor must ICS be used as a forum for discussions that would facilitate the arrival at or enforcement of any such anti-competitive agreements or understandings.
此外，Marisec不应从事竞争法禁止的任何活动, 进行商业活动时.
与集成电路特别相关的领域
- 与其他行业协会就会员条款进行协调
ICS不得就会员费问题与其他船东协会和雇主协会或类似机构进行协调, 向会员提供的服务或任何其他可能影响协会之间竞争的会员条款. 协会之间的讨论必须避免此类商业敏感话题. - 会员条款
Rules on admission of Members to ICS and terms of membership have been reviewed from a competition law perspective to ensure they are transparent, 成比例的, 非歧视，以客观标准为基础. 开除会员的程序应以合理、客观的标准为依据. - 商务谈判
ICS不应代表会员进行联合买卖. 在竞争法中，只有当各方的市场份额加起来很低时，才允许买卖协调. ICS may engage in discussions on behalf of its Members that are merely consultative or that do not involve negotiation on the parameters of competition 比如价格 or quantity or markets or territories for carrying on an economic activity. - 信息交换
与竞争参数有关的信息, 比如价格, 能力 or costs should not be exchanged between Members unless it is sufficiently historic or aggregated so that competitors are unable to discern each other’s business strategies.Exchange of data that is aggregated so as to combine a sufficient number of independent undertakings so that recognition of individual competitors is impossible does not in principle infringe competition law. 即便如此, ICS不得用于交换非基于公开信息的容量预测, 即使是汇总形式.同样，交换历史数据原则上也不违反竞争法. Although much will depend on the individual circumstances – the key being whether the information exchanged is still relevant to a Member’s current or future business strategy – individualised commercial data that is less than a year old is not usually considered as historic. 数据交换越频繁，违反竞争法的可能性就越大.
除了交换历史和/或充分汇总的数据之外, the exchange of information which is already in the public domain or that does not relate to the parameters of competition such as technical or environmental standards is unlikely to cause competition law problems.
- 技术标准、行为准则和建议
Coordination activities of ICS (both as between Members of ICS and between ICS and other trade associations) are unlikely to raise competition law concerns to the extent that the sole object and effect of this coordination is the implementation of technical agreements or the achievement of technical cooperation. 同样的, 与执行环境标准有关的协调通常不会违反竞争法. 相反, ICS不能用于竞争对手在价格上进行协调, 能力或任何其他竞争参数.航运业的行为守则或其他形式的指导不得用作竞争性协调的手段. W在这里 they relate to technical and safety standards and do not include guidance on competitive matters such as pricing or market/customer allocation they are unlikely to cause competition law concern. - 标准条款和条件
当成员有义务根据标准条款和条件订立合同时，标准条款和条件更有可能违反竞争法. 因此，各成员如愿意，仍可自由采用不同的条款和条件, 同时承认在海洋工业中，合同的标准形式是规范, 它们通常适用于每笔交易的不同商业条款.Standard terms and conditions must not establish uniform price tariffs; this is the equivalent to an agreement to fix prices and one of the most serious infringements of competition law. 即使是建议价格，如果这导致价格行为的协调，也可能违反竞争法.Standard terms and conditions may also affect competition by creating coordination on other elements of competition t在这里fore reducing Members’ ability or incentive to compete on non-price factors. 有利于客户的标准条款和条件, 例如，使顾客更容易比较会员所提供的条款，可能是合理的. 在任何情况下，标准条款和条件的限制不得超过实现合法目标所必需的限制.
- “议程外”的讨论
ICS must not be used by Members or their representatives as an opportunity to engage in anti-competitive behaviour outside the official business of ICS. ICS应该为任何会议认真准备议程, 在国际商会召开任何会议之前分发本议程, 应该准确地记录讨论内容, 包括可能提出的任何其他业务, 代表们在所有会议开始时都提醒遵守竞争法的重要性.
风险管理
ICS的每一位员工/ Marisec的每一位员工必须尽一切努力完全按照竞争法行事. 委员会主席有特别责任确保国际商会委员会的活动不违反竞争法. 委员会主席应立即向秘书长和主席报告任何实际或怀疑违反竞争法的行为. Members of the ICS Secretariat / Marisec 员工s who suspect or who become aware of any breaches of competition law should report to the Secretary General / Managing Director who in turn should report the matter to the Chairman.
If, 在与其他行业组织合作的过程中, ICS becomes aware of anti-competitive behaviour it must take active steps to show unambiguous disapproval of the conduct: silence in meetings is not sufficient. 在调查的情况下，ICS将承担举证责任，以表明其不赞成, 因此ICS必须确保这些异议被准确地记录下来, 并保留相关文件的副本.
ICS应定期进行内部竞争法遵守情况审计，以确定和解决任何令人关切的领域. 作为审计的一部分，应邀请个人报告ICS内部发生的任何反竞争行为的知识或怀疑. 如果ICS对其行为是否符合竞争法有疑问，它应寻求专业的法律意见.